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CONCLUSION: Pediatric metastatic insular thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon form of thyroid malignancy requiring aggressive surgical treatment and adjuvant radioactive iodine.
PMID: 19027516 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology)

Autoimmune thyroid diseases are characterized by intrathyroidal infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes reactive to self-thyroid antigens. Early studies analysing T cell receptor (TCR) V[alpha] gene usage have shown oligoclonal expansion of intrathyroidal T lymphocytes but not peripheral blood T cells. However, TCR V[beta] diversity of the isolated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments in the peripheral blood has not been characterized fully in these patients.

Evidence-Based Review Series on Endoscopic Thyroidectomy: Real Progress and Future Trends
Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00268-008-9834-zAuthors
Gianlorenzo Dionigi, Endocrine Surgery Research Center, University of Insubria Department of Surgical Sciences Viale Borri, 57 Varese 21100 Italy

Journal World Journal of SurgeryOnline ISSN 1432-2323Print ISSN 0364-2313 (Source: World Journal of Surgery)

Conclusions  In patients with thyroid disease, uncomplicated thyroidectomy leads to significant improvements in many aspects of patient-reported
swallowing-related QOL measured by the SWAL-QOL instrument.

Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00268-008-9837-9Authors

Abstract  During the second century A.D., Galen described a nerve that came from the brain on each side of the neck, went down toward
the heart, and then reversed course and ascended to the larynx and caused the vocal cords to open. He called these “reversivi”
(or recurrent nerves) and stated that he was the first to discover “these wonderful things.” Demonstrating before the elders
of Rome, he showed that cutting the recurrent laryngeal nerve in the neck caused a live pig to stop squealing—an extraordinary

CONCLUSION: This study indicates that TGF-beta1, VEGF and NO probably have a role in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and development of autoimmunity. Clearly, further studies are necessary to establish the exact mechanism of TGF-beta1, VEGF and NO interaction in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
PMID: 19028605 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Immunopharmacology) 

We examined the utility of TSHR mRNA
in long-term follow-up of TC patients. From 2002 to 2007, TSHR mRNA was prospectively measured by quantitative reverse-transcription
polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from peripheral blood samples in 259 patients, and those followed ≥3 months since initial
thyroidectomy were studied. TSHR mRNA levels were correlated to thyroglobulin (Tg), imaging studies, and disease status during

Authors: Inohara H, Segawa T, Miyauchi A, Yoshii T, Nakahara S, Raz A, Maeda M, Miyoshi E, Kinoshita N, Yoshida H, Furukawa M, Takenaka Y, Takamura Y, Ito Y, Taniguchi N

Conclusions  Although the endoscopic approach may be relatively contraindicated for large thyroid glands, endoscopic subtotal thyroidectomy
via the breast approach is a safe, feasible procedure with excellent cosmetic benefits, and it may be the procedure of choice
in carefully selected patients with Graves’ disease.

Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00268-008-9783-6Authors

Conclusions  Clinical outcomes of MTC patients in our series were better than those in Western countries, a result that might have resulted
in part because of our routine MND regardless of whether clinically apparent node metastasis was detected.

Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00268-008-9795-2Authors