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Abstract
Background  Although all tumor, node, metastasis system (TNM) stage IVA papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) do not seem to behave equivalently
as a result of various tumor and node stages, to our knowledge, subclass evaluation has never been attempted.

Methods  We reviewed 119 stage IVA PTC patients who underwent initial thyroidectomy with modified neck dissection as curative surgery
at our institution (33 male patients, 86 female patients; age 61.6 years; follow-up 87.7 months). These patients were divided

Abstract
Background and aims  Multinodular goiter represents the most common thyroid disease in Europe and the United States. Regressive changes like hemorrhage,
infarction or fibrosis are frequently observed. Calcifications have also been detected by microscopic investigation of thyroid
tissue. Extramedullary hematopoiesis has been described in almost every organ, especially in patients with hematologic diseases.
However, true bone formation is uncommon and to date only two cases of metaplastic bone formation with extramedullary hematopoiesis