Archives

Abstract
Background  A unilateral gasless single-surgeon videoendoscopic thyroidectomy procedure using a dorsal cephalic approach from the scalp
with the option for a bilateral approach was developed with human cadavers and a porcine model for access training. The final
preclinical trials and the first three clinical cases are described in detail.

Methods  Preclinical evaluation and training for the procedure were conducted with fresh human cadavers. The procedure was defined